Knowledge & Devotion · Seerah in Depth

Prophetic Events and Teachings

Explore key events and teachings from the life of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).

5 questions · Hard · about 3 minutes

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1. What happened to Banu Qurayzah after they broke their treaty and allied against the Muslims?

  • Their fighters were executed, and their women and children were taken captive. (correct answer)
  • They were forced to convert to Islam.
  • They were rewarded for keeping their treaty.
  • They were allowed to continue fighting from inside Madinah.

Why

Banu Qurayzah had a treaty with the Prophet ﷺ, but during the Battle of al-Ahzab they broke that treaty and supported the enemy coalition. After the confederates were defeated, the Prophet ﷺ went to Banu Qurayzah and besieged them. They agreed to accept the verdict of Sa‘d ibn Mu‘aadh رضي الله عنه, which was in accordance with Allah’s ruling: their fighters were to be killed, and their women and children taken captive.

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2. According to mainstream Sunni Islam, did the Prophet ﷺ explicitly appoint ‘Ali رضي الله عنه as his successor?

  • No, he did not explicitly appoint ‘Ali رضي الله عنه as khalifah. (correct answer)
  • Yes, he clearly appointed him in the final sermon.
  • Yes, he appointed him privately and told no one else.
  • Yes, and all the Companions agreed that Abu Bakr’s caliphate was invalid.

Why

The source states that the claim that the Prophet ﷺ appointed ‘Ali رضي الله عنه as khalifah is not based on proven hadiths. It also explains that many indications pointed to Abu Bakr رضي الله عنه after the Prophet ﷺ, such as his leading the people in prayer during the Prophet’s illness, but even Abu Bakr was not appointed by a clear definitive statement. The Companions gave their allegiance to Abu Bakr رضي الله عنه and agreed on the validity of his caliphate.

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3. What did the Prophet ﷺ mean when he said that no one alive on that night would remain after one hundred years?

  • Everyone alive on that night would die within one hundred years. (correct answer)
  • No person born later would ever live one hundred years.
  • The Day of Resurrection would begin exactly one hundred years later.
  • Human beings would never again live longer than fifty years.

Why

The hadith means that everyone who was alive on that specific night would die before one hundred years had passed. It does not mean that people born after that night could not live for one hundred years. The source states that this is what actually happened, and that the last of the Companions died in 110 AH. The hadith is also a sign of Prophethood because it spoke of a future event that occurred as stated.

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4. What does the Qur’an say about the Prophet ﷺ being sent?

  • He was sent as a mercy to the worlds. (correct answer)
  • He was sent only as punishment with no mercy.
  • He was sent only to one tribe and no one else.
  • He was sent to remove justice from society.

Why

Allah says that He sent the Prophet ﷺ as a mercy to the worlds. The source explains that some people accepted this mercy, believed in him, and lived according to his guidance, while others rejected Allah’s blessing and refused it. The Prophet ﷺ is mercy to all worlds by conveying Allah’s message, establishing proof, guiding the righteous, and bringing just rulings that protect society. Those who reject mercy and persist in evildoing become subject to punishment and justice.

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5. According to the report mentioned by Ibn Khaldun, why did ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab رضي الله عنه not pray inside the church?

  • He feared that later Muslims might take it as a mosque. (correct answer)
  • He believed every church is inherently impure.
  • He was unable to find space inside the church.
  • He thought prayer was not allowed in Jerusalem.

Why

The report attributed through Ibn Khaldun says that ‘Umar رضي الله عنه refused to pray inside the church because he feared that Muslims after him might take it as a mosque and say that ‘Umar had prayed there. However, the source also cautions that there is no chain of narration for this incident, so it should not be firmly attributed to ‘Umar رضي الله عنه. What is proven from him is that he regarded praying in a church as permissible if it was free of statues and images.

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A note on these answers

These questions are for learning and self-testing. Explanations are drawn from the sources linked on each question and are not a fatwa. For a ruling on your own circumstances, please consult a qualified scholar.

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